Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba that can cause a rare but severe and often fatal infection of the brain known as primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). This parasite is commonly found in warm freshwater bodies such as lakes, rivers, and hot springs. Infection typically occurs when contaminated water enters the body through the nose while swimming or diving. Research on Naegleria fowleri focuses on understanding its biology, pathogenesis, and methods for prevention and treatment of PAM. This includes studying the organism's life cycle, genetic diversity, host-pathogen interactions, and developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies to combat infections. Additionally, researchers are investigating ways to improve water quality and public health measures to reduce the risk of exposure to this parasite.